Through via connected backside embedded circuit features structure and method

ABSTRACT

A method includes forming through vias in a substrate of an array. Nubs of the through vias are exposed from a backside surface of the substrate. A backside passivation layer is applied to enclose the nubs. Laser-ablated artifacts are formed in the backside passivation layer to expose the nubs. Circuit features are formed within the laser-ablated artifacts. By forming the circuit features within the laser-ablated artifacts in the backside passivation layer, the cost of fabricating the array is minimized. More particularly, the number of operations to form the embedded circuit features is minimized thus minimizing fabrication cost of the array.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a divisional of Hiner et al., U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/848,820, filed on Aug. 2, 2010, entitled “THROUGH VIA CONNECTED BACKSIDE EMBEDDED CIRCUIT FEATURES STRUCTURE AND METHOD,” which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present application relates to the field of electronics, and more particularly, to methods of forming electronic component packages and related structures.

BACKGROUND

To allow backside contact to an electronic component such as an integrated circuit die, electrically conductive through vias are formed in the electronic component. The through vias extend entirely through the electronic component from the active surface to the inactive surface of electronic component. Electrical connections to the through vias at the inactive surface of the electronic component are then possible.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a through via connected backside embedded circuit features method in accordance with one embodiment;

FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of an array including a substrate including a plurality of electronic components in accordance with one embodiment;

FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of an array in accordance with another embodiment;

FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view of the array of FIG. 2A at a later stage during fabrication in accordance with one embodiment;

FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of the array of FIG. 2B at a later stage during fabrication in accordance with one embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the array of FIG. 3A at a later stage during fabrication in accordance with one embodiment;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the region V of the array of FIG. 4 at a later stage during fabrication in accordance with one embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a top plan view of the array of FIG. 5 in accordance with one embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the array of FIG. 5 at a later stage during fabrication in accordance with one embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the array of FIG. 7 at a later stage during fabrication in accordance with one embodiment;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the region V of the array of FIG. 4 at a later stage during fabrication in accordance with another embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a top plan view of the array of FIG. 9 in accordance with one embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the array of FIG. 9 at a later stage during fabrication in accordance with one embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the array of FIG. 11 at a later stage during fabrication in accordance with one embodiment;

FIG. 13 is a top plan view of the array of FIG. 12 in accordance with one embodiment;

FIG. 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the region V of the array of FIG. 4 in accordance with yet another embodiment;

FIG. 15 is a top plan view of the array of FIG. 14 in accordance with one embodiment;

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the array of FIG. 14 at a later stage during fabrication in accordance with one embodiment;

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the array of FIG. 16 at a later stage during fabrication in accordance with one embodiment; and

FIG. 18 is a top plan view of the array of FIG. 17 in accordance with one embodiment.

In the following description, the same or similar elements are labeled with the same or similar reference numbers.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

As an overview and in accordance with one embodiment, referring to FIG. 2A, a method includes forming through vias 218 in a substrate 202 of an array 200. Referring now to FIG. 3A, nubs 344 of through vias 218 are exposed from a recessed backside surface 346 of substrate 202. Referring now to FIG. 4, a backside passivation layer 450 is applied to enclose nubs 344. Referring now to FIGS. 9 and 10 together, laser-ablated artifacts 556 are formed in backside passivation layer 450 to expose nubs 344. Referring to FIGS. 9, 10, 12, and 13 together, circuit features 872 are formed within laser-ablated artifacts 556. By forming circuit features 872 within laser-ablated artifacts 556 in backside passivation layer 450, the cost of fabricating array 200 is minimized. More particularly, the number of operations to form embedded circuit features 872 is minimized thus minimizing fabrication cost of array 200.

Now in more detail, FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a through via connected backside embedded circuit features method 100 in accordance with one embodiment. FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of an array 200 including a substrate 202 including a plurality of electronic components 204 in accordance with one embodiment.

In one embodiment, substrate 202 is a silicon wafer. Substrate 202 includes a frontside, e.g., first, surface 206 and an opposite backside, e.g., second, surface 208.

Substrate 202 includes electronic components 204 integrally connected to one another. For simplicity, the term substrate 202 shall be used herein and it is to be understood that this term generally includes electronic components 204.

In one embodiment, electronic components 204 are integrated circuit chips, e.g., active components. However, in other embodiments, electronic components 204 are passive components such as capacitors, resistors, or inductors.

In accordance with this embodiment, electronic components 204 include active surfaces 210 and opposite inactive surfaces 212. Active surfaces 210 and inactive surfaces 212 generally define frontside surface 206 and backside surface 208 of substrate 202, respectively. For simplicity, the terms frontside surface 206 and backside surface 208 shall be used herein and it is to be understood that these terms generally include active surfaces 210 and inactive surfaces 212, respectively. Electronic components 204 further includes bond pads 214 formed on active surfaces 210.

Electronic components 204 are delineated from one another by singulation streets 216. Substrate 202 is singulated, e.g., sawed, along singulation streets 216 to separate electronic components 204 from one another at a later stage during fabrication.

Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2A together, in a form through vias operation 102, through vias 218 are formed though electronic components 104. Through vias 218 include dielectric through via passivation linings 220 and electrically conductive through via columns 222.

Illustratively, through via apertures 224 are formed, e.g., by laser drilling, into electronic components 104 from frontside surface 206. Through via passivation linings 220, e.g., silicon oxide (SiO₂), are formed on the sidewalls of through via apertures 224. In one embodiment, the silicon of substrate 202 exposed within through via apertures 224 is oxidized to form through via passivation linings 220. In another embodiment, a dielectric material is deposited within through via apertures 224 to form through via passivation linings 220.

Through via columns 222 are formed within through via passivation linings 220. Illustratively, an electrically conductive material, e.g., copper or tungsten, is deposited, e.g., plated, within through via passivation linings 220 to form through via columns 222. Through via passivation linings 220 electrically isolate through via columns 222 from substrate 202.

Substrate 202 is then thinned, sometimes called backgrinded, to expose through vias 218 at backside surface 208 of substrate 202. Through via passivation linings 220 are hollow cylinders and through via columns 222 are solid cylinders formed within through via passivation linings 220.

Through vias 218 are cylindrical in shape although may taper slightly between frontside surface 206 and backside surface 208. More particularly, through vias 218 include cylindrical outer surfaces 226, circular active surface ends 228, and circular inactive surface ends 230.

Cylindrical outer surfaces 226 are defined by the cylindrical outer surfaces of through via passivation linings 220 of through vias 218. Cylindrical outer surfaces 226 extend perpendicularly between frontside surface 206 and backside surface 208. Cylindrical outer surfaces 226 extend from active surface ends 228 to inactive surface ends 230. Although the terms parallel, perpendicular, and similar terms are used herein to describe various features, in light of this disclosure, those of skill in the art will understand that the features may not be exactly parallel or perpendicular but only substantially parallel or perpendicular to within accepted manufacturing tolerances.

Active surface ends 228 are circular in accordance with this embodiment. Active surface ends 228 are coplanar with and parallel to frontside surface 206 of substrate 202.

Active surface ends 228 includes circular active surface column ends 232 surrounded by annular active surface passivation lining ends 234. Active surface column ends 232 are the lower ends of through via columns 222 and thus are electrically conductive. Active surface passivation lining ends 234 are the lower ends of through via passivation linings 220 and thus are a dielectric.

Similarly, inactive surface ends 230 are circular in accordance with this embodiment. Inactive surface ends 230 are coplanar with and parallel to backside surface 208 of substrate 202.

Inactive surface ends 230 includes circular inactive surface column ends 236 surrounded by annular inactive surface passivation lining ends 238. Inactive surface column ends 236 are the upper ends of through via columns 222 and thus are electrically conductive. Inactive surface passivation lining ends 238 are the upper ends of through via passivation linings 220 and thus are a dielectric.

As illustrated in FIG. 2A, frontside surface 206 of substrate 202 is mounted to a carrier 240, e.g., a silicon carrier, by an adhesive 242.

FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of an array 200A in accordance with another embodiment. Array 200A of FIG. 2B is similar to array 200 of FIG. 2A and only the significant differences are discussed below.

In accordance with this embodiment, substrate 202 is thinned, sometimes called backgrinded, to almost expose through vias 218 at backside surface 208 of substrate 202. More particularly, through vias 218 remain enclosed within substrate 202 at backside surface 208.

As illustrated in FIG. 2B, through vias 218 have upper rounded ends 241 buried within substrate 202. Except at frontside surface 206, through via columns 222 are totally enclosed within through via passivation linings 220. Further, a portion of substrate 202, e.g., silicon, remains between upper rounded ends 241 and backside surface 208.

FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view of array 200 of FIG. 2A at a later stage during fabrication in accordance with one embodiment. Referring now to FIGS. 1, 2A, and 3A together, from form through vias operation 102, flow moves to an etch backside surface to expose nubs of through vias operation 104.

In etch backside surface to expose nubs of through vias operation 104, backside surface 208 of substrate 202 is blanket etched, i.e., removed, to expose through via nubs 344 of through vias 218. In one embodiment, backside surface 208 is removed using a selective etch that etches substrate 202, e.g., silicon, but does not etch through vias 218, e.g., silicon oxide and copper.

Generally, in etch backside surface to expose nubs of through vias operation 104, substrate 202 is thinned from backside surface 208. Stated another way, a portion of substrate 202 at backside surface 208 as illustrated in FIG. 2A is removed to form a recessed backside surface 346 as illustrated in FIG. 3A. For example, a Si dry etch (DRIe) is performed to thin substrate 202.

Accordingly, after performance of etch backside surface to expose nubs of through vias operation 104, substrate 102 includes a recessed backside surface 346. Inactive surfaces 212 generally define recessed backside surface 346. For simplicity, the term recessed backside surface 346 shall be used herein and it is to be understood that this term generally include inactive surfaces 212.

The distance D2 between recessed backside surface 346 and frontside surface 206 as illustrated in FIG. 3A is less than the distance D1 between backside surface 208 and frontside surface 206 as illustrated in FIG. 2A. Stated another way, substrate 202 is thinned from an initial thickness equal to distance D1 (FIG. 2A) to a final thickness equal to distance D2 (FIG. 3A).

However, through vias 218 are not thinned and thus through via nubs 344 are exposed as illustrated in FIG. 3A. Through vias 218 are sometimes said to stand proud of or extend from recessed backside surface 346.

Through via nubs 344 are the upper portions of through vias 218 including the upper portions of through via passivation linings 220 and through via columns 222 exposed and uncovered by substrate 202. Through via nubs 344 are cylindrical protrusions protruding upwards from recessed backside surface 346.

Through via nubs 344, e.g., first portions of through vias 218, include inactive surface ends 230. Inactive surface ends 230 are spaced above recessed backside surface 346. Cylindrical enclosed, e.g., second, portions 348 of through vias 218 remain enclosed within and in contact with substrate 202.

FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of array 200A of FIG. 2B at a later stage during fabrication in accordance with one embodiment. Referring now to FIGS. 1, 2B, and 3B together, from form through vias operation 102, flow moves to etch backside surface to expose nubs of through vias operation 104.

In etch backside surface to expose nubs of through vias operation 104, backside surface 208 of substrate 202 is blanket etched, i.e., removed, to expose through via nubs 344A of through vias 218. In one embodiment, backside surface 208 is removed using a selective etch that etches substrate 202, e.g., silicon, but does not etch through vias 218, e.g., silicon oxide and copper. Then a selective etch to remove through via passivation linings 220, e.g., silicon oxide, exposed from recessed backside surface 346 is performed resulting in the structure as illustrated in FIG. 3B.

Generally, in etch backside surface to expose nubs of through vias operation 104, substrate 202 is thinned from backside surface 208 and the exposed portion of through via passivation linings 220 is removed. Stated another way, a portion of substrate 202 at backside surface 208 as illustrated in FIG. 2B is removed to form a recessed backside surface 346 as illustrated in FIG. 3B and the exposed portion of through via passivation linings 220 is removed to form through via nubs 344A, i.e., exposed portions of through via columns 222.

Accordingly, after performance of etch backside surface to expose nubs of through vias operation 104, substrate 102 includes a recessed backside surface 346.

However, through via columns 222 are not thinned and thus through via nubs 344A are exposed as illustrated in FIG. 3B. Through via columns 222 are sometimes said to stand proud of or extend from recessed backside surface 346.

Through via nubs 344A are the upper portions of through via columns 222 exposed and uncovered by substrate 202 after removal of the exposed portion of through via passivation linings 220. Through via nubs 344A include exposed upper rounded ends 347.

In the following figures and discussion, further operations on array 200 of FIG. 3A are discussed and illustrated. In light of this disclosure, those of skill in the art will understand that the discussion and illustrations are equally applicable to array 200A of FIG. 3B.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of array 200 of FIG. 3A at a later stage during fabrication in accordance with one embodiment. Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 4 together, from etch backside surface to expose nubs of through vias operation 104, flow moves to an apply backside passivation layer operation 106. In apply backside passivation layer operation 106, a backside passivation layer 450 is applied to recessed backside surface 346 of substrate 202 and through via nubs 344.

Backside passivation layer 450, sometimes called an insulation layer, includes a lower, e.g., first, passivation layer surface 452 directly attached to recessed backside surface 346. Backside passivation layer 450 further includes an opposite upper, e.g., second, passivation layer surface 454. Backside passivation layer 450 is a dielectric material.

In one embodiment, backside passivation layer 450 is formed from an organic material such as polyimide (PI), polybutyloxide (PBO), benzocyclobutene (BCB), a polymer, or other carbon containing material. In one embodiment, backside passivation layer 450 is formed by spinning, or spraying an organic material onto recessed backside surface 346 or applying a laminated film. In other embodiments, backside passivation layer 450 is an inorganic material, e.g., silicon oxide or silicon nitride, formed using a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) deposition process.

Backside passivation layer 450 has a thickness greater than the distance that through via nubs 344 protrude above recessed backside surface 346. Accordingly, through via nubs 344 are completely enclosed within backside passivation layer 450. More particularly, backside passivation layer 450 exists between inactive surface ends 230 of through vias 218 and upper passivation layer surface 454.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the region V of array 200 of FIG. 4 at a later stage during fabrication in accordance with one embodiment. FIG. 6 is a top plan view of array 200 of FIG. 5 in accordance with one embodiment.

Referring now to FIGS. 1, 4, 5, and 6 together, from apply backside passivation layer operation 106, flow moves to a form laser-ablated artifacts in backside passivation layer operation 108. In form laser-ablated artifacts in backside passivation layer operation 108, laser-ablated artifacts 556 are formed in backside passivation layer 450.

Laser-ablated artifacts 556 are formed using a laser-ablation process. During this laser-ablation process, a laser beam is directed at backside passivation layer 450 and moved. The laser beam laser-ablates at least partially, and in some places through, backside passivation layer 450. Accordingly, laser-ablated artifacts 556 are formed at least partially, and in some places through, backside passivation layer 450.

In one embodiment, laser-ablated artifacts 556 include a laser-ablated land opening 558. More particularly, laser-ablated land opening 558 is an opening, e.g., a circular, rectangular, or other shaped opening, formed in backside passivation layer 450. Laser-ablated land opening 558 is an opening extending into backside passivation layer 450 to expose inactive surface end 230 of through via 218.

Laser-ablated land opening 558 is defined by land opening base 560, i.e., a recessed surface of backside passivation layer 450. Land opening base 560 is recessed below upper passivation layer surface 454 of backside passivation layer 450. Stated another way, land opening base 560 is between a plane defined by upper passivation layer surface 454 and a plane defined by lower passivation layer surface 452 such that backside passivation layer 450 remains between land opening base 560 and lower passivation layer surface 452 of backside passivation layer 450.

Inactive surface end 230 of through via 218 is exposed within laser-ablated land opening 558. More particularly, through via nub 344 protrudes upwards from land opening base 560 and into laser-ablated land opening 558.

Laser-ablated land opening 558 is further defined by a land opening sidewall 562. Land opening sidewall 562 extends between land opening base 560 and upper passivation layer surface 454 of backside passivation layer 450. Land opening sidewall 562 and land opening base 560 are portions of backside passivation layer 450.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of array 200 of FIG. 5 at a later stage during fabrication in accordance with one embodiment. Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 7 together, from form laser-ablated artifacts in backside passivation layer operation 108, flow moves to a fill laser-ablated artifacts to form embedded circuit features operation 110. In fill laser-ablated artifacts to form embedded circuit features operation 110, laser-ablated artifacts 556 formed in form laser-ablated artifacts in backside passivation layer operation 108 are filled with an electrically conductive material to form electrically conductive embedded circuit features as discussed below.

In accordance with the particular embodiment illustrated in FIG. 7, initially, in fill laser-ablated artifacts to form embedded circuit features operation 110, a mask 764 is formed on upper passivation layer surface 454. Mask 764 includes a circuit features pattern 766 formed therein. Circuit features pattern 766 includes an opening that is a positive image of the circuit features to be formed.

In accordance with this embodiment, circuit features pattern 766 includes a land pattern 768. Land pattern 768 is an opening extending through mask 764. Land pattern 768 is larger than laser-ablated land opening 558, which is exposed through land pattern 768. More particularly, laser-ablated land opening 558 and an annular portion 770 of upper passivation layer surface 454 around laser-ablated land opening 558 are exposed through land pattern 768. Further, inactive surface end 230 is exposed through land pattern 768.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of array 200 of FIG. 7 at a later stage during fabrication in accordance with one embodiment. Referring now to FIGS. 1, 7, and 8 together, further, in fill laser-ablated artifacts to form embedded circuit features operation 110, circuit features pattern 766 and laser-ablated artifacts 556 are filled, e.g., by plating, with an electrically conductive material, e.g., copper, to form one or more electrically conductive embedded circuit features 872, sometimes called an embedded circuit pattern. Mask 764 is then removed.

In accordance with this embodiment, land pattern 768 including laser-ablated land opening 558 are filled with an electrically conductive material to form an electrically conductive land 874. Land 874, i.e., an embedded circuit feature, is embedded, at least partially, within backside passivation layer 450.

Land 874 fills laser-ablated land opening 558 and is formed on land opening base 560 and land opening sidewall 562. Land 874 includes a land base 876 in direct contact with land opening base 560. Land base 876 is recessed below upper passivation layer surface 454 of backside passivation layer 450. Stated another way, land base 876 is between a plane defined by upper passivation layer surface 454 and a plane defined by lower passivation layer surface 452 such that backside passivation layer 450 remains between land base 876 and lower passivation layer surface 452.

Land 874 further includes a land sidewall 878 in direct contact with land opening sidewall 562. Land sidewall 878 extends between land base 876 and upper passivation layer surface 454 of backside passivation layer 450.

Land 872 further extends onto upper passivation layer surface 454, and specifically, onto annular portion 770. In one embodiment, land 874 follows the contour of laser-ablated land opening 558 and land pattern 768 and includes a central recess 882. However, in another embodiment, land 874 includes a smooth upper surface as indicated by the dashed line.

Land 874 contacts inactive surface end 230 including inactive surface column end 236 of through via column 222. Accordingly, land 874 is electrically connected to through via column 222. Land 874 provides an electrically conductive area to which additional structures can be connected, such as for example, solder balls, stacked packages, and/or stacked electronic components.

By forming embedded circuit features 872 within laser-ablated artifacts 556 in backside passivation layer 450, the cost of fabricating array 200 is minimized. More particularly, the number of operations to form embedded circuit features 872 is minimized thus minimizing fabrication cost of array 200.

As discussed above, a portion of land 874 is formed on upper passivation layer surface 454. In one embodiment, mask 764 is further patterned and filled to form other electrically conductive features on upper passivation layer surface 454. Illustratively, circuit traces and/or lands are formed on upper passivation layer surface 454.

In another embodiment, mask 764 is not formed. In accordance with this embodiment, land 874 is formed entirely within laser-ablated land opening 558.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the region V of array 200 of FIG. 4 at a later stage during fabrication in accordance with another embodiment. FIG. 10 is a top plan view of array 200 of FIG. 9 in accordance with one embodiment. Referring now to FIGS. 1, 9, and 10 together, in form laser-ablated artifacts in backside passivation layer operation 108, laser-ablated artifacts 556 are formed as discussed above.

In accordance with this embodiment, laser-ablated artifacts 556 include a first laser-ablated land opening 558A, a second laser-ablated land opening 558B, and a laser-ablated trace channel 984. Laser-ablated land openings 558A, 558B include land opening bases 560 and land opening sidewalls 562 as described above.

Laser-ablated trace channel 984 extends between and connects laser-ablated land openings 558A, 558B. Laser-ablated trace channel 984, sometimes called a trench, extends horizontally and in a direction parallel with upper passivation layer surface 454 of backside passivation layer 450.

Laser-ablated trace channel 984 is defined by a trace channel base 986, i.e., a recessed surface of backside passivation layer 450. Trace channel base 986 is recessed below upper passivation layer surface 454 of backside passivation layer 450. Stated another way, trace channel base 986 is between a plane defined by upper passivation layer surface 454 and a plane defined by lower passivation layer surface 452 such that backside passivation layer 450 remains between trace channel base 986 and lower passivation layer surface 452.

Laser-ablated trace channel 984 is further defined by trace channel sidewalls 988. Trace channel sidewalls 988 extend between trace channel base 986 and upper passivation layer surface 454 of backside passivation layer 450. Trace channel sidewalls 988 and trace channel base 986 are portions of backside passivation layer 450.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of array 200 of FIG. 9 at a later stage during fabrication in accordance with one embodiment. Referring now to FIGS. 1, 9-11 together, initially, in fill laser-ablated artifacts to form embedded circuit features operation 110, laser-ablated artifacts 556 are filled, e.g., by plating, with an electrically conductive material 1190, e.g., copper. As illustrated in FIG. 11, electrically conductive material 1190 is overplated to cover upper passivation layer surface 454 in addition to filling laser ablated land openings 558A, 558B and laser-ablated trace channel 984.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of array 200 of FIG. 11 at a later stage during fabrication in accordance with one embodiment. FIG. 13 is a top plan view of array 200 of FIG. 12 in accordance with one embodiment. Referring now to FIGS. 1, 9-13 together, further, in fill laser-ablated artifacts to form embedded circuit features operation 110, electrically conductive material 1190 is removed, e.g., etched, to form one or more electrically conductive embedded circuit features 872 within laser-ablated artifacts 556. In one embodiment, electrically conductive material 1190 is slightly over etched to be slightly recessed below upper passivation layer surface 454 of backside passivation layer 450.

In accordance with this embodiment, embedded circuit features 872 are entirely embedded in backside passivation layer 450. Embedded circuit features 872 include a first land 1292A, a second land 1292B, and a trace 1294 formed within laser ablated land openings 558A, 558B, and trace channel 984, respectively. Lands 1292A, 1292B include land bases 876 and land sidewalls 878 similar to land base 876 and land sidewall 878 of land 874 as illustrated in FIG. 8 and discussed above. Lands 1292A, 1292B further includes land top surfaces 1296 coplanar with upper passivation layer surface 454 of backside passivation layer 450, or slightly recessed below.

Land 1292A contacts inactive surface end 230 including inactive surface column end 236 of through via column 222. Accordingly, land 1292A is electrically connected to through via column 222.

Trace 1294 includes a trace base 1298 in direct contact with trace channel base 986. Traces base 1298 is recessed below upper passivation layer surface 454 of backside passivation layer 450. Stated another way, trace base 1298 is between a plane defined by upper passivation layer surface 454 and a plane defined by lower passivation layer surface 452 such that backside passivation layer 450 remains between trace base 1298 and lower passivation layer surface 452.

Trace 1294 further includes trace sidewalls 1202 in direct contact with trace channel sidewalls 988. Traces sidewalls 1202 extend between trace base 1298 and upper passivation layer surface 454 of backside passivation layer 450, or are slightly recessed below. Trace 1294 further includes trace top surface 1204 coplanar with upper passivation layer surface 454 of backside passivation layer 450, or slightly recessed below.

Trace 1294 electrically connects lands 1292A, 1292B to one another. Lands 1292A, 1292B provide electrically conductive areas to which additional structures can be connected, such as for example, solder balls, stacked packages, and/or stacked electronic components.

Although embedded circuit features 872 including lands 1292A, 1292B, and trace 1294 are illustrated in FIGS. 12 and 13 and discussed above, in light of this disclosure, those of skill in the art will understand that embedded circuit features 872 include other embedded electrically conductive features such as a plurality of lands, traces and/or vias embedded within backside passivation layer 450 in other embodiments.

FIG. 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the region V of array 200 of FIG. 4 in accordance with yet another embodiment. FIG. 15 is a top plan view of array 200 of FIG. 14 in accordance with one embodiment. Referring now to FIGS. 1, 14, and 15 together, in form laser-ablated artifacts in backside passivation layer operation 108, laser-ablated artifacts 556 are formed as discussed above.

In accordance with this embodiment, laser-ablated artifacts 556 include a laser-ablated via aperture 1406, laser-ablated land opening 558B, and laser-ablated trace channel 984. Laser-ablated land opening 558B and laser-ablated trace channel 984 are similar or identical to laser-ablated land opening 558B and laser-ablated trace channel 984 as discussed above in relation to FIGS. 9 and 10, respectively, and so the discussion is not repeated here.

Laser-ablated via aperture 1406, sometimes called a blind via opening, is an opening (aperture) extending entirely through backside passivation layer 450 in a direction perpendicular to upper passivation layer surface 454 of backside passivation layer 450. More particularly, laser-ablated via aperture 1406 extends entirely through backside passivation layer 450 and to inactive surface end 230 of through via 218. Accordingly, inactive surface end 230 including inactive surface column end 236 are exposed through via aperture 1406. Although a precise alignment of via aperture 1406 and inactive surface end 230 is illustrated in FIGS. 14-15, in light of this disclosure, those of skill in the art will understand that a small degree of misalignment between via aperture 1406 and inactive surface end 230 can exist due to the tolerance in positioning of via aperture 1406 with respect to inactive surface end 230.

Laser-ablated via aperture 1406 is defined by a via aperture sidewall 1408 extending between upper passivation layer surface 454 of backside passivation layer 450 and inactive surface end 230 of through via 218. Via aperture sidewall 1408 is a portion of backside passivation layer 450. Trace channel 984 extends between and connects laser-ablated via aperture 1406 with laser-ablated land opening 558B.

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of array 200 of FIG. 14 at a later stage during fabrication in accordance with one embodiment. Referring now to FIGS. 1, 14-16 together, initially, in fill laser-ablated artifacts to form embedded circuit features operation 110, laser-ablated artifacts 556 are filled, e.g., by plating, with an electrically conductive material 1190, e.g., copper. As illustrated in FIG. 16, electrically conductive material 1190 is overplated to cover upper passivation layer surface 454 in addition to filling laser ablated via aperture 1406, laser ablated land opening 558B, and laser-ablated trace channel 984.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of array 200 of FIG. 16 at a later stage during fabrication in accordance with one embodiment. FIG. 18 is a top plan view of array 200 of FIG. 17 in accordance with one embodiment. Referring now to FIGS. 1, 14-18 together, further, in fill laser-ablated artifacts to form embedded circuit features operation 110, electrically conductive material 1190 is removed, e.g., etched, to form one or more electrically conductive embedded circuit features 872 within laser-ablated artifacts 556. In one embodiment, electrically conductive material 1190 is slightly over etched to be recessed below upper passivation layer surface 454 of backside passivation layer 450.

In accordance with this embodiment, embedded circuit features 872 include a via 1710, e.g., a blind via, trace 1294, and land 1292B. Trace 1294 and land 1292B are similar or identical to trace 1294 and land 1292B as discussed above in relation to FIGS. 12 and 13, respectively, and so the discussion is not repeated here.

Via 1710 is formed within via aperture 1406. Via 1710 includes a via sidewall 1712 in direct contact with via aperture sidewall 1408. Via sidewall 1712 extends between inactive surface end 230 of through via 218 and upper passivation layer surface 454 of backside passivation layer 450, or is slightly recessed below. Via 1710 further includes a via base surface 1714 formed on and coplanar with inactive surface end 230 of through via 218. Via base surface 1714 is formed directly on inactive surface end 230 such that via 1710 is electrically connected to inactive surface column end 236 of through via column 222. Via 1710 further includes a via top surface 1716 coplanar, or slightly recessed below, upper passivation layer surface 454 of backside passivation layer 450.

Trace 1294 electrically connects via 1710 to land 1292B. Land 1292B provides an electrically conductive area to which additional structures can be connected, such as for example, solder balls, stacked packages, and/or stacked electronic components.

Although embedded circuit features 872 including via 1710, land 1292B, and trace 1294 are illustrated in FIGS. 17-18 and discussed above, in light of this disclosure, those of skill in the art will understand that embedded circuit features 872 include other embedded electrically conductive features such as a plurality of lands, traces and/or vias embedded within backside passivation layer 450 in other embodiments.

Referring again to FIGS. 1 and 4 together, in one embodiment, after performance of fill laser-ablated artifacts to form embedded circuit features operation 110, carrier 240 is removed.

Although specific embodiments were described herein, the scope of the invention is not limited to those specific embodiments. Numerous variations, whether explicitly given in the specification or not, such as differences in structure, dimension, and use of material, are possible. The scope of the invention is at least as broad as given by the following claims. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A structure comprising: a substrate comprising a backside surface; through vias comprising nubs extending from the backside surface; a backside passivation layer coupled to the backside surface, the backside passivation layer comprising only a single layer of material; and circuit features embedded within the backside passivation layer and coupled to the nubs, the circuit features comprising recessed surfaces, at least a portion of the backside passivation layer between the recessed surfaces and a first passivation layer surface of the backside passivation layer.
 2. The structure of claim 1, comprising a respective via passivation lining between the backside passivation layer and at least a portion of each of the nubs.
 3. The structure of claim 1, wherein the nubs are generally of the same diameter as the through vias.
 4. A structure comprising: a substrate; through vias in the substrate, nubs of the through vias being exposed from a backside surface of the substrate; a backside passivation layer comprising a first passivation layer surface directly coupled to the backside surface of the substrate; laser-ablated artifacts in the backside passivation layer, the laser-ablated artifacts comprising recessed surfaces, the backside passivation layer remaining between the recessed surfaces and the first passivation layer surface, the nubs protruding from the recessed surfaces into the laser-ablated artifacts; and an electrically conductive material filling the laser-ablated artifacts.
 5. The structure of claim 4, wherein the electrically conductive material comprises a single conductive layer that fills the laser-ablated artifacts.
 6. The structure of claim 5 wherein the single conductive layer fills the laser-ablated artifact and extends beyond the backside passivation layer.
 7. The structure of claim 5 wherein the circuit features are entirely embedded in the backside passivation layer.
 8. The structure of claim 5 wherein the laser-ablated artifacts comprise a land opening and the circuit features comprise a land in the land opening.
 9. The structure of claim 5 wherein the laser-ablated artifacts comprise a trace channel and the circuit features comprise a trace in the trace channel.
 10. The structure of claim 5 wherein the backside passivation layer comprises a single continuous layer applied directly to the backside surface of the substrate and to the nubs.
 11. The structure of claim 10 wherein the single continuous layer is thicker than a distance to which the nubs protrude from the substrate.
 12. The structure of claim 4 wherein the laser-ablated artifacts expose the nubs.
 13. The structure of claim 4, wherein: the backside passivation layer comprises a second passivation layer surface opposite to and parallel to the first passivation layer surface; and the laser-ablated artifacts extend from the second passivation layer surface to a base surface that is between the first and second passivation layer surfaces.
 14. The structure of claim 4 wherein the electrically conductive material forms electrically conductive circuit features partially embedded in the backside passivation layer and extending onto a surface of the backside passivation layer.
 15. A structure comprising: a substrate; through vias in the substrate, nubs of the through vias being exposed from a backside surface of the substrate; a backside passivation layer directly coupled to the backside surface of the substrate; and circuit features at least partially embedded in the backside passivation layer, the circuit features being coupled to the nubs, the circuit features comprising recessed surfaces, the backside passivation layer remaining between the recessed surfaces and a first passivation layer surface of the backside passivation layer, the nubs protruding from the recessed surfaces into the circuit features.
 16. The structure of claim 15 further comprising: laser-ablated artifacts in the backside passivation layer, the circuit features being within the laser-ablated artifacts.
 17. The structure of claim 15 wherein the circuit features are selected from the group consisting of lands, traces, and vias.
 18. The structure of claim 15 wherein the through vias comprise through via passivation linings and through via columns, the nubs comprising portions of the through via passivation linings and the through via columns exposed from the backside surface of the substrate.
 19. The structure of claim 15 wherein the through vias comprise through via passivation linings and through via columns, the nubs consisting of portions of the through via columns exposed from the backside surface of the substrate.
 20. The structure of claim 15 wherein the nubs comprise upper rounded ends. 